Workplace surveillance: A systematic review, integrative framework, and research agenda

Workplace surveillance has been a relevant issue in scholarly studies since the 1960s. However, given its interdisciplinary nature, research on workplace surveillance is highly fragmented and disjointed, leaving many unanswered questions. A systematic review was therefore conducted to unveil its antecedents, unpack its outcomes, and reveal its conceptual foundations. The review combined a concept-centric framework with a multilevel framework to provide nuanced insights into the literature from organisational, managerial, and employee perspectives. As a result, the review provides a detailed understanding of the tensions, contradictions, and challenges related to existing theorisations of workplace surveillance. A key contribution of this review is the synthesis of the findings into a comprehensive integrative conceptual framework that provides a succinct and informed summary of the antecedents, outcomes, and conceptual foundations that influence research on workplace surveillance. The systematic review also offers a research agenda to help advance the field of workplace surveillance.